中新网评：处理核污水绝不是日本自家私事******
中新网北京1月19日电(蒋鲤)日本政府近日称，将于2023年春夏期间开始向海洋排放经过处理的福岛第一核电站核污水。日本罔顾国内民众及周边国家的屡屡反对，企图将核污水“一倒了之”，把一件关乎全球海洋生态环境和公众健康的事当成了自家私事。
资料图：日本福岛第一核电站。2011年，福岛核电站事故发生后，大量放射性物质泄漏到大气层和太平洋，对周围环境造成了难以逆转的伤害，数十万人被迫撤离该地区。时至今日，作为日本邻国之一的韩国仍未解除福岛海鲜禁令。
日本以核污水存储能力即将达到上限为由，在2021年4月13日，正式决定将福岛第一核电站核污水排入太平洋。过去一年多，日本政府和东京电力公司一直在持续推进核污水排海计划。
日本政府辩称，这些核污水经多核素处理系统(ALPS)处理后很安全，甚至“可以喝”，这样的表态无疑在愚弄大众。
事实上，经过处理的核污水仍含有多种放射性物质，核污水一旦排放入海就无法回收，长期来看，将会给海洋生态带来难以估量的潜在威胁，最终危害人类健康。
因此，核污水排海计划推出后，遭到日本民众强烈反对。日本《朝日新闻》2022年3月公布的问卷调查显示，福岛县、宫城县和岩手县受访的42个市町村长中，约六成反对东京电力公司福岛第一核电站核污水排放入海。日本全国渔业协会联合会也多次申明立场，反对该计划。
日本政府认为，核污水排海是最便宜、最省事的解决方案，但此举却将周边国家乃至全世界置于核污染风险中。太平洋非日本一家之海，核污水会随着洋流流动，其影响势必会跨越国界，危害周边国家乃至整个国际社会的公共福祉和利益。
《韩国经济新闻》发文称，相关研究认为，福岛核污水如果排放入海，约7个月后将到达济州等韩国海域，该国水产业和旅游业将遭受相当大的损失。
德国南极海洋机构也曾发出警告，若日本将所有核污水排入海中，不到半年，整个太平洋都将面临高度辐射威胁，包括远在大洋另一端的美国。太平洋地区人民更是对日本该计划持反对意见。
日本作为《联合国海洋法公约》缔约国，有义务保护海洋环境。然而，在核污水排海方案的正当性、核污水数据的可靠性、净化装置的有效性、环境影响的不确定性等问题上，日本未能作出科学、可信的说明。
国际原子能机构技术工作组虽已三次赴日实地考察评估，但尚未就日排海方案的安全性给出结论，并且对日本提出诸多澄清要求和整改意见。在此情况下，日本仍执意推进核污水排海工程建设，这是极不负责任的行为。
太平洋不是日本的下水道，日本必须正视各方合理关切，在与周边国家等相关利益方和国际原子能机构充分协商后，制定合理的核污水处理方案。日本也要着眼长远，若只顾眼前，执意将核污水排放入海，不仅其自身，周边国家乃至全世界都将为之买单，其后果必将会危害数代人。
Fukushima water disposal by no means Japan’s own business
By John Lee
(ECNS) -- Japan has announced it will release treated wastewater from the wrecked Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant into the Pacific Ocean this year.
Although Fukushima wastewater disposal affects global marine ecological environment protection and public health, Japan has turned a deaf ear to domestic and international opposition to dumping the contaminated water into the sea, treating the "global" matter as its own business.
The Fukushima accident in 2011 had sent large quantities of radiation into the atmosphere and the Pacific Ocean, causing irreversible damage to the surrounding environment, and hundreds of thousands of people were forced to evacuate the area. South Korea still maintains its import ban on Japanese seafood from areas affected by the Fukushima nuclear disaster.
On April 13, 2021, Japan announced it had decided to discharge contaminated radioactive wastewater in Fukushima Prefecture into the sea due to dwindling storage space, with the Japanese government and plant operator Tokyo Electric Power Company Holdings Inc. promoting the release plan over the past year.
The Japanese government argues that the water treated by an advanced liquid processing system, or ALPS, is safe and drinkable, which is undoubtedly fooling the public.
In fact, the treated wastewater still includes a variety of radioactive substances and can’t be recycled once discharged into the sea, which will pose a great threat to marine ecology and ultimately endanger human health in the long run.
Therefore, the discharge plan has been strongly opposed in Japan. According to a questionnaire conducted by The Asahi Shimbun, nearly 60 percent of mayors of 42 municipalities in Iwate, Miyagi and Fukushima prefectures oppose the discharge plan. The National Fisheries Cooperative Federation of Japan has also repeatedly stated its opposition in public.
The Japanese government believes that dumping Fukushima wastewater into the sea is the cheapest and most convenient solution, but neighboring countries and even the whole world will be at risk of nuclear pollution.
The Pacific Ocean doesn’t belong to Japan and the wastewater flow along oceanic currents will surely break boundaries and endanger public welfare and the interests of neighboring countries and even the international community.
The Korea Economic Daily reported that related research concluded that if contaminated water from Fukushima is released into the ocean, it would only take seven months for the contaminated water to reach the shores of Jeju Island, with the country's aquaculture and tourism suffering considerable losses.
According to the calculation of a German marine scientific research institute, radioactive materials will spread to most of the Pacific Ocean within half a year from the date of discharge, and the U.S. and Canada will be affected by nuclear pollution. People in the Pacific region also oppose the discharge plan.
As a participant of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, Japan has the obligation of protecting the marine environment.
However, it hasn’t offered a full and convincing explanation on issues like the legitimacy of the discharge plan, the reliability of data on the nuclear-contaminated water, the efficacy of the treatment system or the uncertainty of environmental impact.
Though the IAEA has yet to complete a comprehensive review after three investigations in Japan, the Japanese side has been pushing through the approval process for its discharge plan and even started building facilities for the discharge. It is rather irresponsible for Japan to act against public opinion at home and concerns abroad.
The Pacific Ocean is not a private Japanese sewer. The country must seriously heed the voices of the international community and make a reasonable plan for the Fukushima wastewater disposal after full consultation with stakeholders and international agencies.
If it only seeks instant interest and insists on discharging the contaminated water into the sea, not only itself, but also its neighboring countries and the entire world will pay for the decision and several generations will be forced to bear the consequence.
中国鱼用中国种 人均年占有量为世界两倍****** 中国鱼用中国种 人均年占有量为世界两倍【水产养殖加工企业探索创新育种，水产品预制菜市场崛起，深加工成发展趋势】 从吃鱼难到年年有余，水产不再是人们逢年过节才有的硬菜，而是餐桌日常。我国人均水产品消费量2021年为14.2千克，比2015年的11.2千克上升26.8%，连续7年呈上升趋势。水产消费从“温饱型”向“品质型”过渡，青鱼、草鱼、鲢鱼和鳙鱼四大家鱼养殖热情减退，鲈鱼、鲟鱼等特种水产养殖量呈现较高增长，近五年养殖量增长率分别为78.4%和32.4%。 水产养殖加工企业探索创新育种以获得优质种源。受益于我国冷链物流不断完善，水产预制菜市场崛起，成为丰富人们蛋白质需求的重要补充。 瞄准育种攻克难题 “看今年哪种鱼卖价好，明年接着养”，过去渔民凭经验养殖，可能会造成产品过剩卖不上价。在富煌三珍总经理倪宝友看来，这是传统养殖高度分散的弊端。如今随着科学养殖意识逐渐增强，水产养殖逐渐实现标准化、规模化，也给水产品深加工带来稳定的原料供应。 不少企业与农户签订长期合作助推水产养殖标准化、规模化。富煌三珍有1440亩斑点叉尾鮰苗种繁育区，10万亩订单养殖基地。斑点叉尾鮰原产于北美洲，因抗病力强、骨刺少、肉质鲜美等成为烤鱼界的标配。 作为富煌三珍深加工产品的主要原料，斑点叉尾鮰在2015年时面临原种退化，攻克原种迭代成为公司发展的一道难题。“原种退化会降低鱼的抵抗力”，倪宝友说，公司为此联合江苏淡水水产研究所及全国水产技术推广总站联合攻关研发培育出“江丰1号”，其生长速度快、抗病力强，摆脱对原种依赖。“江丰1号”成为农业农村部重点推广养殖的水产新品种，带动全国产业链上下游年产值近500亿元。 可以说，近些年我国在水产种业方面不断突破，养殖种类丰富。数据显示，我国水产养殖种类达300种以上，水产养殖的种源自给率相当高，年提供苗种6万亿尾(粒)以上，基本实现“中国鱼主要用中国种”。2021年，我国养殖水产品人均年占有量47.36千克，是世界平均水平的两倍。 新技术为“鲜”护航 水产品在膳食结构中的比重不断增加，促使我国水产品需求持续增长。企业融入国内国际“双循环”格局，改变长期以来以出口为主的局面，转而深挖国内市场，发力水产深加工、延伸产业链，实现升级迭代。 包括国联水产、大湖股份、佳沃食品、富煌三珍等水产养殖企业延伸水产品加工产业链，实现由上游养殖到渠道营销升级转型。比如富煌三珍转向国内市场，专注斑点叉尾鮰细分品类推出烤鱼预制菜。“水产品预制菜的核心是保持原汁原味”，倪宝友介绍，目前传统的快速锁鲜技术多采用风冷，2019年公司与中科院合肥物质研究院合作，引入液浸式冰温保鲜冷冻技术，用零下40℃的微冻液系统进行冰温鲜冻，使解冻后鱼的口感与新鲜鱼几无差别，推动调味鱼行业提质升级。 水产深加工背后离不开冷链物流支撑。数据显示，2021年我国冷链市场规模近4000亿元，较2017年增长64%，2021年中国冷藏车保有量34万辆，较2017年增长195%。味知香、立高食品等预制菜企业还通过自建冷链物流体系保障配送。 品质生活下，越来越多的企业还通过技术实现从“塘头”到“餐桌”的全链条质量安全可追溯机制。未来，水产企业将继续从育种突破到技术创新为“鲜”护航，以更优质的蛋白水产品丰富人们的餐桌。 新京报记者 秦胜南 天天彩票地图 |
